2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N7434
    N-Nitrosodiethylamine
    		99.97%
    N-Nitrosodiethylamine (Diethylnitrosamine) is a potent hepatocarcinogenic dialkylnitrosoamine. N-Nitrosodiethylamine is mainly present in tobacco smoke, water, cheddar cheese, cured, fried meals and many alcoholic beverages. N-Nitrosodiethylamine is responsible for the changes in the nuclear enzymes associated with DNA repair/replication. N-Nitrosodiethylamine results in various tumors in all animal species. The main target organs are the nasal cavity, trachea, lung, esophagus and liver.
    N-Nitrosodiethylamine
  • HY-17381
    Idarubicin hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Idarubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline antileukemic agent. It inhibits the topoisomerase II interfering with the replication of DNA and RNA transcription. Idarubicin hydrochloride inhibits the growth of bacteria and yeasts.
    Idarubicin hydrochloride
  • HY-148699
    HRO761
    		Inhibitor 99.58%
    HRO761 (Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-1) (example 42) is a potent Werner syndrome RecQ DNA helicase enzyme (WRN) inhibitor and can be used in cancer research.
    HRO761
  • HY-B0425A
    Novobiocin sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.12%
    Novobiocin (Albamycin) sodium is a potent and orally active antibiotic. Novobiocin sodium also is a DNA gyrase inhibitor and a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) antagonist. Novobiocin sodium has the potential for the research of highly beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections. Novobiocin sodium shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
    Novobiocin sodium
  • HY-W001187
    Tempo
    		Inhibitor 99.86%
    Tempo is a nitric oxide radical and a selective scavenger of ROS in mitochondria. Tempo is also an organocatalyst that disproportionates superoxide and oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes in a catalytic cycle. Tempo has mutagenic and antioxidant effects and can induceDNA strand breaks. Tempo also exerts cytotoxic and mutagenic properties in mouse lymphoma cells.
    Tempo
  • HY-16293
    Lurbinectedin
    		Inhibitor 99.71%
    Lurbinectedin (PM01183) is a DNA minor groove covalent binder with potent anti-tumour activity; inhibits RMG1 and RMG2 cell growth with IC50 values of 1.25 and 1.16 nM, respectively.
    Lurbinectedin
  • HY-150279
    PolQi2
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    PolQi2 is a PolΘ inhibitor that targets and inhibits alt-EJ (alternative end-joining) repair by inhibiting the helicase domain at the N-terminus of PolΘ. PolQi2 enhances the precision and integration efficiency of gene editing at different loci and in various cell lines. Furthermore, the combined use of PolQi2 with DNA-PK inhibitors reduces the off-target effects of Cas9. PolQi2 can be used in gene editing research.
    PolQi2
  • HY-107856
    5-Fluorouridine
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    5-Fluorouridine, a metabolite of 5-fluorouracil (HY-90006), is a potent ribozyme self-cleavage inhibitor. 5-Fluorouridine incorporates into both total and poly A RNA and has antiproliferative activity. 5-Fluorouridine induces apoptosis.
    5-Fluorouridine
  • HY-B0097
    Floxuridine
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Floxuridine (5-Fluorouracil 2'-deoxyriboside) is a pyrimidine analog and known as an oncology antimetabolite. Floxuridine inhibits Poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase and induces DNA damage by activating the ATM and ATR checkpoint signaling pathways in vitro. Floxuridine is a extreamly potent inhibitor for S. aureus infection and induces cell apoptosis. Floxuridine has antiviral effects against HSV and CMV.
    Floxuridine
  • HY-103586
    GS-441524
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    GS-441524, predominant metabolite of Remdesivir and superior to Remdesivir against Covid-19 , shows comparable efficacy in cell-based models of primary human lung and cat cells infected with coronavirus. GS-441524 could strongly inhibits feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), with an EC50 of 0.78 μM.
    GS-441524
  • HY-107845
    SCR7 pyrazine
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    SCR7 pyrazine is a DNA ligase IV inhibitor that blocks nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) in a ligase IV-dependent manner. SCR7 pyrazine increases the efficiency of Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR). SCR7 pyrazine induces cell apoptosis and has anticancer activity.
    SCR7 pyrazine
  • HY-122122
    ML-60218
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    ML-60218 is a broad-spectrum RNA pol III inhibitor, with IC50s of 32 and 27 μM for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human. ML-60218 disrupts already assembled viroplasms and to hamper the formation of new ones without the need for de novo transcription of cellular RNAs.
    ML-60218
  • HY-112645
    BAY-2402234
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    BAY-2402234 is a selective dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor for the treatment of myeloid malignancies.
    BAY-2402234
  • HY-109101
    Risdiplam
    		99.58%
    Risdiplam (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels.
    Risdiplam
  • HY-108314A
    GC7 Sulfate
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    GC7 Sulfate is a deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) inhibitor.
    GC7 Sulfate
  • HY-12695
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (5'-GTP) trisodium salt is a G protein (G proteins) signaling activator and a high-energy precursor in the biosynthesis of nucleotide units in DNA and RNA. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt can promote myogenic cell differentiation by upregulating miRNA (miR133a, miR133b) and myogenic regulatory factor expression, and by inducing human myogenic precursor cells to release exosomes containing guanosine molecules. Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt holds promise for research in biosynthesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt
  • HY-B0919
    Azaserine
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Azazerine (CI-337) is a competitive inhibitor of glutamine amidotransferase. Azaserine is an antibiotic, it shows antibacterial activities. Azazerine shows anti-tumor activities and it may also act as a tumor inducer. Azazerine can be used for the research of cancer and infection.
    Azaserine
  • HY-137067
    IMT1B
    		Inhibitor 99.45%
    IMT1B (LDC203974) is an orally active, noncompetitive and specific allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and inhibits mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression. IMT1B has anti-tumour effects.
    IMT1B
  • HY-109517
    Calf thymus DNA
    Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus) is high quality double-stranded template DNA isolated from the thymus of male and female calves. Calf thymus DNA can be used for the research of the interaction between DNA and agents.
    Calf thymus DNA
  • HY-N0112
    Dihydromyricetin
    		Inhibitor 98.10%
    Dihydromyricetin is a potent inhibitor with an IC50 of 48 μM on dihydropyrimidinase. Dihydromyricetin can activate autophagy through inhibiting mTOR signaling. Dihydromyricetin suppresses the formation of mTOR complexes (mTORC1/2). Dihydromyricetin is also a potent influenza RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 μM.
    Dihydromyricetin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity